An understanding of the factors surrounding women’s and men’s health can be critically important to disease diagnosis and treatment in these areas. This importance is magnified by the fact that some diseases and disorders manifest differently based on the sex of the patient.
Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond the human systems involved. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact.
An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in systems based on these characteristics is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.
Case study scenario – Male: A 32-year-old male presents to the urology clinic with complaints of pelvic pain, urinary urgency, and difficulty achieving erections. He reports recent episodes of painful urination and fever. The patient admits to having multiple sexual partners and has not consistently used protection. His medical history includes a previous episode of acute prostatitis treated with antibiotics. Female: A 28-year-old female presents to the gynecology clinic with complaints of lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, and fever. She reports a history of irregular menstrual cycles and states she has not been tested for STDs. She has had multiple sexual partners and frequently does not use barrier protection. Laboratory tests confirm the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis in both patients. In 1 -2 pages, answer the questions below in detail. You must use current evidence-based resources to support your answers. Follow APA guidelines. Follow the grading rubric. 1. What are the two forms of Chlamydia trachomatis and their roles in the infection process? 2. How does chlamydia trachomatis enter the host cells? 3. Describe the transformation process of elementary bodies into reticulate bodies within the host cell. 4. What is the significance of the inclusion vacuole in the life cycle of Chlamydia? 5. What mechanisms does chlamydia use to inhibit apoptosis of infected cells? 6. What role do pathogen recognition receptors play in the host’s immune response to Chlamydia? 7. How do proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells respond to chlamydial infection? 8. What are the potential complications of untreated chlamydial infection in both males and females? 9. What are the risk factors for acquiring chlamydia?